The Interplay between Gender norms, Patriarchy and Mental health among Young Adults

Abstract

Gender norms, shaped by patriarchal socialization, have profound implications for mental health, particularly among young adults in the Indian context. This study examines the relationship between conformity to traditional gender norms and psychological distress, focusing on the distinct experiences of males and females. Utilizing a purposive sample of 200 young adults (94 males and 106 females), the study employed the Conformity to Feminine Norms Inventory (CFNI-45), Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-46), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), to assess the adherence to gender norms and its impact on mental health. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between conformity to feminine norms and psychological distress among females, indicating that societal expectations around appearance, modesty, and caregiving roles contribute to increased vulnerability to psychological distress. In contrast, no significant relationship was found between conformity to masculine norms and psychological distress among males, suggesting a more complex interplay of masculinity and mental health influenced by cultural and contextual factors. These findings underscore the urgent need for gender-sensitive mental health interventions that address harmful stereotypes and promote well-being. The study highlights the importance of dismantling rigid gender norms to foster resilience and equity.