The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Performance and Emotional Regulation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Middle Eastern Adults

Abstract

Background: Sleep deprivation is a widespread issue with known negative effects on cognitive performance and emotional regulation. However, the relationship between these factors, particularly in Middle Eastern populations, remains understudied.

Objectives: This study examines the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive tasks and emotional regulation in a sample of 60 Middle Eastern adults.

Methods: Data were collected from 60 participants, assessing variables such as sleep hours, cognitive performance (via Stroop Task, N-back, and Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT)), and emotional regulation. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed to investigate the relationships between sleep deprivation, cognitive performance, and emotional regulation.

Results: Descriptive statistics indicated that participants reported an average of 5.81 hours of sleep per night (SD = 1.83). The average reaction time on the Stroop Task was 3.24 seconds (SD = 0.83), with N-back accuracy averaging 75.01% (SD = 13.67). The mean emotion regulation score was 38.15 (SD = 17.13). Correlation analysis revealed that sleep hours were negatively correlated with Stroop Task reaction time (r = -0.34, p < 0.05), suggesting that longer sleep is associated with faster cognitive performance. Sleep hours were also positively correlated with emotional regulation scores (r = 0.42, p < 0.01), indicating better emotional regulation with increased sleep.

Implications: This study underscores the importance of sleep-in cognitive performance and emotional regulation. The findings suggest that sleep deprivation impairs both cognitive function and emotional regulation. Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques could enhance our ability to predict and assess cognitive performance and emotional regulation, based on sleep data. For example, AI-powered tools could automate the analysis of cognitive task performance in real-time and develop personalized interventions to improve sleep and its impact on mental health. Future research could explore how AI technologies might be used to monitor sleep patterns and optimize cognitive and emotional well-being, offering promising avenues for individualized care and treatment in sleep-deprived populations.